Showing posts with label transhumanism. Show all posts
Showing posts with label transhumanism. Show all posts

Stelarc: The Monograph (Electronic Culture: History, Theory, and Practice) Review

Stelarc: The Monograph (Electronic Culture: History, Theory, and Practice)
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Stelarc: The Monograph (Electronic Culture: History, Theory, and Practice) ReviewIn the early 80s, I brought Stelarc to speak at Caltech. He showed up with a mechanical third arm and a collection of slides. He proceeded to declaim at length about his previous art performances throughout the world, and his vision of what his performances were meant to convey to a lay audience. Then, I recently ran across this book, with a foreword by William Gibson, no less.
It is a collection of essays by various intellectuals, revolving around analysing Stelarc. His worldview is presented. A different approach from that epitomised in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Kapek's RUR, Saberhagen's Berserkers or the Terminator movies. Those echo the fear of a machine, born of man, that turns against humans. Instead, Stelarc's view is much cheerier. He is a performance artist, whose exhibitions are physical metaphors that suggest a peaceful evolution of humans, where we incorporate technological items into or perhaps on or around our bodies. He draws a distinction between Darwinian evolution, where obsolescence can mean extinction. Instead, any differences between us and machines are elided, as we absorb what they can offer, to exhance and extend our capabilities.
To some this is repulsive. To others, it is a glittering vision of a transhumanist future. Where we can someday (soon?) overcome the limitations of frail flesh. The book has echoes of views espoused by Vernor Vinge and Ray Kurzweil. Though it does not go so far as to posit a technological singularity in the near future.
The photos in the book show Stelarc's remarkable talent. He has exhibited in Tokyo, Copenhagen, London and many other places since the 1980s. In many of the photos, he is naked, but adorned with some strange electromechanical gizmo, that has some type of feedback with his body. (When he spoke at Caltech, he was fully clothed.) Other photos show him dangling by many fish hooks through his skin. In one instance, one storey above a city street.
At least one chapter comments on the irony of his exhibitions. While he speaks of a metaphor of transcending the human form, his very nakedness starkly emphasises that form.
Of course, when he first did his exhibitions, all he could provide were rough metaphors. Limited by the crude mechanical devices of the time. But as microminiturisation proceeds, and as genetic engineering takes on more of an engineering aspect, all coupled with a world wide web, then he looks prescient.Stelarc: The Monograph (Electronic Culture: History, Theory, and Practice) OverviewStelarc is the most celebrated artist in the world working withintechnology and the visual arts. He is both an artist and a phenomenon, using hisbody as medium and exhibition space. Working in the interface between the body andthe machine, employing virtual reality, robotics, medical instruments, prosthetics,and the Internet, Stelarc's art includes physical acts that don't always looksurvivable -- or, as science fiction novelist William Gibson puts it in hisforeword, "sometimes seem to include the possibility of terminality."Stelarc'sprojects include Third Hand, a grasping and wrist rotating mechanism with arudimentary sense of touch that is attached to the artist and activated by EMG fromother body areas; Amplified Body, in which the artist performs acoustically with hisbrainwaves, muscles, pulse, and blood flow signals; and the Stomach Sculpture, adevice -- or "aesthetic adornment" -- placed in the artist's stomach and presentedthrough video. Works in progress include the Extra Ear Project, a soft prosthesis ofskin and cartilage to be constructed on the artist's arm. Stelarc's work bothreflects and determines new directions in performance art and body art. Althoughthere have been hundreds of articles written about Stelarc since he began performingin the late 1960s, Stelarc: The Monograph is the first comprehensive study ofStelarc's work practice in over thirty years. Gathering a range of writers whoapproach the work from a variety of perspectives, it includes William Gibson'saccount of his meetings with Stelarc, Arthur and Marilouise Kroker's emphatic "WEARE ALL STELARCS NOW," and Stelarc himself in conversation with Marquard Smith.Taken together, these writers give us a multiplicity of ways to think aboutStelarc.

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Apocalyptic AI: Visions of Heaven in Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Virtual Reality Review

Apocalyptic AI: Visions of Heaven in Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Virtual Reality
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Apocalyptic AI: Visions of Heaven in Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Virtual Reality ReviewHaving had a long standing interest in the concepts of artificial intelligence, robotics, virtual existence, and mind uploading, and extremely intrigued by the possibilities that may be opening up within the next fifty years as technology continues its exponential curve of advancement, I was very excited to get my hands on this book.
Mr. Keraci delivers the goods in a succinctly written, exhaustively researched volume that examines in great detail the many different facets of the cultural, scientific, economic, and religious (yes, religious) movement that the author has termed "Apocalyptic AI". Being scientifically inclined as well as a professional analyst, I am very leery of "pop science" books that rely heavily on theorizing and daydreaming and lightly on fact. This book is a refreshing reversal of that disturbing trend, offering a wonderfully detailed analysis of Apocalyptic AI, the true original meaning of the concept of "apocalypse", and balanced, logical explanations of other supporting concepts, as well as superbly researched and elucidated discussions and explanations of modern Apocalyptic AI ideology and culture.
The basic definition of Apocalyptic AI (according to my understanding of this book, and any errors in explanation fall squarely on me as the reviewer) is that it is a movement that:
1. Incorporates the apocalyptic elements of Judaic/Christian theology, including:
A. A belief that there will be an irreversible event on a massive scale (global) after which nothing will ever be the same (in traditional apocalypses, the apocalypse itself; in Apocalyptic AI ideology, an event known as "the singularity")
B. A belief that after the apocalypse/singularity, rewards will be granted to followers/adherents/believers that completely transform the experience of life as we know it
2. Makes the promise of these fantastical rewards becoming available within the near future via the exponentially advancing progress curve of technological innovation, thereby claiming that after the apocalypse/singularity, concepts currently the provision of science fiction will become actual fact, including:
A. The ability to fully upload an individual's personality into a virtual world, thereby granting the uploaded individual an endless lifespan within a synthetic environment
B. Biological immortality
C. Other technological innovations currently far beyond our ability (creation of actual sentient artificial intelligences, simulations of reality indistinguishable from actual existence, etc)
3. Fills the void in many modern peoples' lives that religion formerly occupied in our social consciousness by providing:
A. A "scientific" replacement for religion
B. A new theology of belief revering and, indeed, elevating, the mechanical/virtual to the level of the spiritual
My personal fascination with all of the concepts involved dates back many years. Upon first discovering what the word "transhumanist" means (Wikipedia defines it as: Transhumanism is an international intellectual and cultural movement supporting the use of science and technology to improve human mental and physical characteristics and capacities. The movement regards aspects of the human condition, such as disability, suffering, disease, aging, and involuntary death as unnecessary and undesirable), I remember literally rushing into the living room to tell my wife "There are other people like me!"
I have been extremely interested in the possibilities of the transhumanist movement for some time now. To be fair, this book deals with Apocalyptic AI ideology, and while the transhumanist movement does include some Apocalyptic AI adherents among its members, there are also many rational and logical transhumanists doing important work that I do not wish to erroneously discount. In regards to the currently published books on this subject matter, however, I have to say that to date I have not found (at least to me) satisfactory hard scientific evidence that technological immortality is coming anytime soon. To the contrary, often I find instead too much "gushing" about "where technology can take us" and not enough "this is precisely what level of advancement we are at and why we will be able to do X, Y, Z by 2020". If I want speculation, I will pick up a sci fi book.
The author of this volume, however, instead of lumping himself in with the speculators, offers a beautifully lucid account of the Apocalyptic AI movement as a whole. Starting with an explanation of precisely what "apocalyptic" REALLY means (and it's not what you probably think it does) and then branching out into exhaustively detailed and logically presented examples of the different facets of the movement, Keraci repeatedly shows himself to be that most rare and precious of scientific voices - the truly neutral and rigorously factual observer. The obvious aspects are discussed, such as the stereotypes of online gamers as geeks incapable of social interaction (proven to be incorrect with stunning simplicity and logic) and the economic undercurrents of Apocalyptic AI and virtual worlds (such as the disturbing incursion of real world companies like Coca Cola and Honda into virtual worlds like the game Second Life, or the sly but effective "hooks" of promises of a better future planted like seeds in the public consciousness which, when fertilized, grow into repeated funding for research necessary for Apocalyptic AI/futurist technologies to advance closer to reality), to name a few.
The author also examines those even more valuable and elusive creatures, the "spaces between the notes" that really define why these subjects interest us so much - such as:
1. Why are we so obsessed with continuing our existence beyond biological death?
2. What does that say about us as a species? As individuals?
3. If we can achieve these lofty goals, where will that take us - morally, religiously, psychologically?
4. If and when artificial intelligences that are truly self-aware become existent, what kind of rights will they be entitled to? What kind of morals will they be programmed with?
I do not usually take the time to review individual books, but Mr. Keraci's excellent work in an area far too often ignored by serious scholars and with such far-reaching implications in the areas of sociology, technology, economics, religion, modern psychology, and culture simply demanded I reciprocate in kind to express just how great this book is. I now have a much better understanding of not only the Apocalyptic AI but also the transhumanist and futurist movements after reading this book.
If you are even remotely interested in any of the concepts I outlined in this review, take my advice:
1. Spend the money and buy the book
2. Take the time to read it
3. You will be glad you did
No, I don't know the author and am not affiliated with him in any way - I just think groundbreaking work like this demands to be recognized.Apocalyptic AI: Visions of Heaven in Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Virtual Reality OverviewApocalyptic AI, the hope that we might one day upload our minds into machines or cyberspace and live forever, is a surprisingly wide-spread and influential idea, affecting everything from the world view of online gamers to government research funding and philosophical thought. In Apocalyptic AI, Robert Geraci offers the first serious account of this "cyber-theology" and the people who promote it. Drawing on interviews with roboticists and AI researchers and with devotees of the online game Second Life, among others, Geraci illuminates the ideas of such advocates of Apocalyptic AI as Hans Moravec and Ray Kurzweil. He reveals that the rhetoric of Apocalyptic AI is strikingly similar to that of the apocalyptic traditions of Judaism and Christianity. In both systems, the believer is trapped in a dualistic universe and expects a resolution in which he or she will be translated to a transcendent new world and live forever in a glorified new body. Equally important, Geraci shows how this worldview shapes our culture. For instance, Apocalyptic AI has influenced funding agencies such as the National Science Foundation, helping to prioritize robotics and AI research. It has become the ideology of choice for online gamers, such as those involved in Second Life; it has had a profound impact on the study of the mind; and it has inspired scientists and theologians alike to wonder about the super robots of the future. Should we think of robots as persons? What kind of morality would intelligent robots espouse?Apocalyptic AI has become a powerful force in modern culture. In this superb volume, Robert Geraci shines a light on this belief system, revealing what it is and how it is changing society.

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Theories of Flight (Samuil Petrovitch) Review

Theories of Flight (Samuil Petrovitch)
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Theories of Flight (Samuil Petrovitch) ReviewSamuil Petrovich is a scientist who has just discovered how to make anti-gravity. He works and lives in Metrozone, which used to be London, England before Armageddon changed the world. Unfortunately, Metrozone is being torn apart. Can Petrovich save his beloved city?
One of my main criticisms of Equations of Life was the difficulty in understanding the world set-up. As I expected, this is not an issue in the second book. Not just because I am familiar with it now, but the outside world plays a very small part in the book. It is really concentrated on the happenings in Metrozone itself.
This story is just as action packed as the first, maybe even more. It moved very quickly and had lots of heart-pounding moments. There were a few appearances of people from the first book, and I found it fun to be able to recognize them. I really loved Maddy, his love interest from the first book. It this one, they are newly married. She didn't feature prominently, but she was always on his mind, and everything he did was for her. It was very sweet.
My second criticism of the first book was the frequent use of Russian words and phrases. This was not an issue this time around. There were still a few Russian words, but I'm pretty sure they were all expletives, and not too difficult to figure out. Somehow having the profanity in a different language helped convey the meaning without being vulgar. Something I very much appreciated.
Overall, a very good story, and a great follow-up book. There is a third book coming out as well, and I am have to add it to my reading list. If only to discover the conclusion to the trilogy.Theories of Flight (Samuil Petrovitch) OverviewTheorem: Petrovitch has a lot of secrets.Proof: Secrets like how to make anti-gravity for one. For another, he's keeping a sentient computer program on a secret server farm - the same program that nearly destroyed the Metrozone a few months back.Theorem: The city is broken.Proof: The people of the OutZone want what citizens of the Metrozone have. And then burn it to the ground. Now, with the heart of the city destroyed by the New Machine Jihad, the Outies finally see their chance.Theorem: These events are not unconnected.Proof: Someone is trying to kill Petrovitch and they're willing to sink the whole city to do it.

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